How to Handle Your Seasonal Allergies

Identifying Triggers and Managing Seasonal Allergies

What are Seasonal Allergies?

Seasonal allergies, also called hay fever or allergic rhinitis, occur during certain times of the year when specific allergens are present in the environment. When an individual with seasonal allergies encounters these allergens, their immune system reacts and releases a chemical called histamine which triggers some symptoms that cause major discomfort and may disrupt daily life activities for them. In this blog, we will share with you how to identify and handle your seasonal allergies.

What Triggers Seasonal Allergies?

The most common triggers for seasonal allergies include:

Pollen - they are one of the major triggers of seasonal allergies. When pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds are released into the air, it can be inhaled by susceptible individuals. When this happens, their immune system reacts which can lead to major discomfort.

Mold Spores - mold is a type of fungus that grows quickly in heat and high humidity. They produce tiny spores that can become airborne which can cause allergic reactions to sensitive individuals.

Dust Mites - dust mites thrive in warm and humid environments and are mostly found in the house. Their fecal matter and body parts can trigger allergic symptoms. They belong to the same family as spiders and can only be seen using a microscope. Dust mites are more common in coastal areas of Australia than in inland, dry areas.

Pet Dander - this is a common allergen that can trigger allergic reactions in some individuals. When pets shed more fur or groom themselves, they spread tiny particles into the air or saliva in their fur, adding dander to the environment. These particles can accumulate on surfaces like furniture, carpets, and clothing, making it difficult to eliminate their presence.

Other Factors - These may include certain environmental factors, such as pollution, and smoke, which irritates the respiratory system and exacerbates allergy symptoms.

Other seasonal related triggers may include:

Insect bites and stings (usually in spring and summer)

Chlorine in indoor and outdoor swimming pools

Candy ingredients (Halloween, Christmas, Valentine’s Day, Easter)

Pine trees and wreaths (Thanksgiving to Christmas))

What are the Symptoms?

Sneezing

Coughing

Runny, itchy, blocked nose

Irritable, itchy, watery and red eyes

Itchy ears, throat and roof of the mouth

Fatigue

Seasonal Allergy Management and Treatment

Reducing your exposure to allergens can significantly alleviate symptoms. Here are some strategies to consider:

Minimize Exposure to Allergens

Monitor pollen and mold counts: Staying informed about pollen counts in your area can help you plan your activities accordingly. Weather reports in newspapers and on radio and television often include this information during allergy seasons.

Keep windows closed: This prevents pollen and other outdoor allergens from entering your home. Use air conditioning or consider using HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filters to trap allergens indoors.

Use allergen-proof bedding: Encase your pillows, mattresses, and box springs in allergy-proof covers to create a barrier against dust mites.

Regularly clean your living space: Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture frequently, using a vacuum cleaner equipped with a HEPA filter. Dust surfaces with a damp cloth to prevent allergens from becoming airborne.

Remove shoes and outer clothing: Pollen can easily cling to shoes and clothes, so remove them when entering your home to prevent allergen transfer.

Wear a NIOSH-rated 95 filter mask when mowing the lawn or doing other chores outdoors, and take appropriate medication beforehand.

Over-the-Counter Medications

Over-the-counter (OTC) medications can provide temporary relief from seasonal allergy symptoms. Antihistamines such as cetirizine (Zyrtec) and loratadine (Claritin) can help alleviate sneezing, itching, and runny nose. Decongestants like pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) can provide short-term relief from nasal congestion.

Prescription Medications

For individuals with severe or persistent symptoms, prescription medications may be necessary. These may include:

Nasal corticosteroids: Prescription nasal sprays can reduce inflammation and relieve nasal symptoms.

Leukotriene modifiers: Medications like montelukast (Singulair) can help block the effects of certain chemicals involved in allergic reactions.

Immunotherapy: Allergy shots or sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) involve gradually exposing the body to increasing amounts of allergens to build tolerance. This can provide long-term relief for some individuals.

Note: it is important to follow the instructions and consult a healthcare professional if you have any underlying medical conditions.

Consultation with an Allergist

If your seasonal allergies are significantly impacting your quality of life or if OTC medications are not effective, it is advisable to consult an allergist. They can perform tests to identify specific allergens and develop a personalised treatment plan based on your symptoms and medical history.

Bottom Line:

Managing seasonal allergies requires a multifaceted approach, including understanding your triggers, minimising exposure to allergens, using appropriate medications, and seeking professional help when needed. By implementing these strategies, you can effectively handle your seasonal allergies and enjoy a better quality of life.

References:

1. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. (2019). Seasonal Allergies at a Glance. Retrieved from https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/seasonal-allergies-at-a-glance
2. American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. (2017). Common Seasonal Allergy Triggers. Retrieved from https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/seasonal-allergies/
3. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. (n.d.). Allergy testing. Retrieved from https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/library/at-a-glance/allergy-testing
4. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. (n.d.). Allergic conditions: Rhinitis (hay fever). Retrieved from https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/allergies/rhinitis
5. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. (n.d.). Mold Allergies. Retrieved from https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/mold-allergies/
6. Health Direct Australia. (n.d.). Dust Mites. Retrieved from https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/dust-mites
7. Health Direct Australia. (n.d.). Pollen Allergy. Retrieved from https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/pollen-allergy
8. Mayo Clinic. (2019, December 3). Allergy medications: Know your options. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hay-fever/in-depth/allergy-medications/art-20047403