Hay fever is the common name for allergic rhinitis that affects 1 in 5 people in Australia, according to Healthdirect. It is an allergic reaction to pollen and other environmental allergens dust mites, moulds, animal dander, or other substances. For some individuals, exposure to these allergens may prompt an immune response, the body's innate defense mechanism, resulting in swelling and inflammation of the nasal inner lining, a condition referred to as rhinitis.
Causes of Hay Fever
Hay fever occurs when the body's immune system identifies harmless substances like pollen or pet dander as threats. The immune system releases histamines and other chemicals in response, causing the classic symptoms of hay fever. Common triggers for hay fever include:
- pollens from trees, grass, weeds
- dust mites
- animal fur, tiny skin flakes from cats and dogs
- moulds and fungal spores
- air pollutants
- latex
Symptoms of Hay Fever
Symptoms of hay fever can range from mild to severe and may include:
- sneezing
- runny or stuffy nose
- itchy or watery eyes
- fatigue
- headache
- coughing
- irritability
- snoring during sleep
- recurring sore throats
- reduced sense of smell
You could have hay fever or allergic rhinitis even if you only have a few of these symptoms. Other illnesses can cause some of these symptoms, too.
Managing Hay Fever
Here are some strategies to help you control and mitigate your symptoms:
1. Identify the allergens and minimise exposure to pollen. More allergen minimisation strategies are available on the Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy website.
2. Get an allergy test, may be recommended by your doctor or specialist
3. Allergy shots or immunotherapy - This is a long-term treatment option and should only be started by a medical specialist such as a clinical immunologist.
4. Medications (Ask your GP or pharmacist for advice).
- Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines can help reduce symptoms by blocking the action of histamines, which are responsible for many allergic reactions.
- Nasal Corticosteroids - these sprays can reduce inflammation in the nasal passages, providing relief from congestion and runny nose.
- Decongestants - decongestant nasal sprays can provide short-term relief from congestion, but they should not be used for an extended period to avoid a rebound effect.
5. Natural Remedies: Some people find relief through natural remedies like saline nasal irrigation, honey, or herbal supplements. Always consult with a healthcare provider before trying these approaches.
Complications of Hay Fever
- disturbed sleep
- fatigue especially during the day
- headaches
- poor concentration
May also trigger
- otitis media in children (ear infection)
- sinusitis (sinus infections in adults )
Thriving with hay fever
Living with hay fever doesn't have to mean dreading the changing seasons. With the right management strategies, you can thrive and enjoy life to the fullest:
1. Plan Ahead: Check local pollen forecasts and plan outdoor activities when pollen counts are lower.
Stay informed about pollen counts. Visit the Melbourne Pollen Count and Forecast website, or download the Melbourne Pollen Count app for information about the pollen monitoring sites managed by the University of Melbourne.
Or, visit the Deakin AirWatch website for information about the pollen
monitoring sites managed by Deakin University.
3.Stay Active: Regular exercise can boost your immune system and help alleviate symptoms.
4. Maintain a Healthy Diet: A nutritious diet and staying hydrated can improve your overall health and potentially reduce the severity of hay fever symptoms.
5. Consult a Specialist: If your hay fever is severe or difficult to manage, consider seeing an allergist for a personalised treatment plan.
Where to get help
- In an emergency, always call triple zero (000)
- Your GP (doctor)
- Pharmacist
- NURSE-ON-CALL Tel. 1300 606 024 – for expert health information and advice (24 hours, 7 days)
- Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)
- Asthma Australia Tel. 1800 278 462
- Allergy & Anaphylaxis Australia
Over the counter medications available at medcart.com.au
Conclusion
Hay fever may be a common seasonal woe, but it doesn't have to disrupt your life. By understanding its causes, managing symptoms, and making healthy lifestyle choices, you can thrive and enjoy each season to the fullest, allergy-free. Don't let hay fever hold you back; take control and embrace the beauty of spring and fall.
Sources:
1. Healthdirect
